In recent years, cortisol has become a buzzword in the health and wellness world, often blamed as a leading cause of various illnesses. From chronic stress and migraines to vestibular disorders, this hormone is increasingly targeted as the enemy, the hormone that wreaks havoc on our bodies. But the truth is, that it’s misunderstood!

Yes, it plays a role in these health challenges, but cortisol is also a necessary part of our body’s response to stress. Understanding how it impacts chronic conditions is essential for managing health effectively.

What Is Cortisol, and What Does it Do?

Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, and it plays a vital role in the daily functioning of our bodies by controlling our metabolism, blood sugar, and reducing inflammation. More popularly, the hormone also plays a roll in our body’s “fight or flight” response. When we face a life-threatening situation like an oncoming car, cortisol is released to prepare our bodies for quick action. It increases heart rate, raises blood sugar levels, and enhances brain function, all of which contribute to survival.

The problem arises when production becomes chronic. Due to ongoing stress, our bodies often produce more of the stress hormones than we need. While it’s critical in small, short bursts, sustained high levels of the stress hormone can lead to serious health issues.

Contribution to Chronic Illness

When we have a constant flood of cortisol in our systems, it can wear down the body and disrupt various processes. Here are some of the ways that cortisol affects those with chronic illness:

 1. Immune Suppression

High cortisol levels can weaken the immune system, leaving the body more susceptible to infections and illnesses. This can make it harder for individuals with chronic illness to recover from flare-ups and stress-related setbacks.

2. Fatigue and Adrenal Burnout

When the body is constantly producing cortisol, it exhausts the adrenal glands, leading to adrenal fatigue. This will affect anyone overtime but especially those with chronic conditions, leaving them often feeling constantly fatigued, despite adequate rest.

 3. Inflammation

Constant high levels of cortisol can lead to inflammation in the body, a key factor in autoimmune diseases and other chronic conditions. Inflammation contributes to pain, discomfort, and flare-ups in conditions like fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, and migraines.

Cortisol, Stress, and Migraines

Stress is one of the most common triggers for migraines, and cortisol is closely tied to that stress. When we’re stressed, cortisol levels rise, causing tension, and inflammation—all of which can trigger migraine attacks.

The stress hormone in this scenario is act as both a cause and a consequence of stress. A stressful event triggers cortisol, and the migraine that follows increases stress, creating a vicious cycle of pain and hormonal imbalance.

Role in Vestibular Disorders

Vestibular disorders, which affect balance and dizziness, are also influenced by cortisol. Elevated levels of the stress hormone can disrupt the inner ear, which plays a crucial role in maintaining our sense of balance. The hormonal imbalance caused by chronic stress can exacerbate symptoms of dizziness, vertigo, and instability in individuals with vestibular disorders.

Additionally, because cortisol can affect the nervous system, the heightened sensitivity to stimuli experienced by those with vestibular issues can be worsened by prolonged stress, making it harder to manage symptoms.

The Misunderstood Hormone: Why We Still Need It

Despite the negative press, cortisol is not inherently bad. In fact, what it does for our bodies during short-term stress is crucial for survival. It helps us react quickly, stay focused, and perform better under pressure. Problems arise when levels remain elevated for long periods due to chronic stress or illness.

To manage chronic conditions and avoid the detrimental effects of excess cortisol, it’s essential to address stress through mindfulness, physical activity, and adequate rest.

How to Manage Cortisol and Chronic Stress

If you’re dealing with chronic illness, migraines, or vestibular disorders, managing cortisol levels is key to reducing symptoms. Here are some practical strategies:

1. Practice Relaxation Techniques

Deep breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness techniques (a recommended activity by the NIH) help lower levels and calm the body.

2. Prioritize Rest and Sleep

Quality sleep allows the body to recover and lowers stress, reducing excess cortisol production.

3. Stay Active

Moderate exercise can help regulate cortisol and reduce stress, but it’s important not to overdo it, especially for those with chronic conditions.

4. Stay Attuned to Your Body

Recognize when stress is creeping in and take proactive steps to unwind, like journaling or engaging in a favorite hobby.

Final Thoughts

Cortisol is not the enemy—it’s a hormone that plays a vital role in our survival. However, when stress becomes chronic, its overproduction can contribute to serious health issues, especially for those managing chronic illness, migraines, or vestibular disorders. By understanding this vital  hormone and learning how to manage stress, you can take back control of your health.

If you’re ready to manage stress and its impact on your health, consider coaching sessions to equip yourself with personalized strategies. Together, we can work to lower cortisol levels, manage symptoms, and empower you to live your best life. Learn more